
China’s Strategy and Approach to the South China Sea in 2025
Report Chapter by Yang Li

Report Chapter by Yang Li

Essay by Alec Caruana

Commentary by Pacôme Ducorail

Commentary by Daniel Balazs

Research Paper by Daniel Balazs

Commentary by Linsheng Hong

Hosted by ICES, ISDP, Huayang Center

Founded in 2020 and operational since 2022, the Institute for China-Europe Studies (ICES) is a Brussels-based independent think tank dedicated to promoting mutual understanding between China and Europe. Initiated by the Hainan Free Trade Port Research Foundation, ICES supports research and dialogue on issues including trade, international law, global governance, and maritime affairs. To achieve its objectives, ICES organises events and conferences, publishes research papers, commentaries, and reports, and supports academic exchanges, promoting the free flow of ideas and people between Europe and China.